Smoking Times and Temperatures
To get the most consistent, best tasting and safe to eat BBQ you need to have a good understanding of the times and temperatures needed when smoking different food. The times are generally a very rough number that can vary greatly, but the internal smoking temps of the meat are what are really important when it comes to safe and tasty meat. Always use temperature to determine whether your food is ready. Keep reading for a complete guide to smoking times and temperatures.
Contents
- 1 Smoking Times and Temperatures
- 1.1 Beef Smoking Times and Temps
- 1.2 Pork Smoking Times and Temps
- 1.3 Poultry Smoking Times and Temps
- 1.4 Lamb Smoking Times and Temps
- 1.5 Venison Smoking Times and Temps
- 1.6 Seafood Smoking Times and Temps
- 1.7 Vegetables Smoking Times and Temps
- 1.8 How to Measure Meat Temperature
- 1.9 How do you use the thermometer?
- 1.10 How to control the Smoker Temperature
Beef Smoking Times and Temps
| Cut of Meat | Smoker Temp | Internal Temp | Smoking Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brisket | 225-240 °F | 190-200 °F | 12-20 hours |
| Steaks | 210-220 °F | 135 °F (medium) | 30-45 mins |
| Burgers | 225 °F | 160 °F | 1 hour |
| Meatloaf | 225-240 °F | 160 °F | 3 hours |
| Chuck Roast | 225-240 °F | 190-200 °F | 12-18 hours |
| Rump Roast | 225-240 °F | 135 °F (medium) | 30 mins/lb |
| Back Ribs | 225-240 °F | 190 °F | 4-5 hours |
| Prime Rib | 225 °F | 135 °F (medium) | 4-5 hours |
| Short Ribs | 225-240 °F | 190 °F | 6-8 hours |
| Spare Ribs | 225-240 °F | 190 °F | 5-6 hours |
| Tri Tip | 225-240 °F | 135 °F (medium) | 3-4 hours |
| Tenderloin | 225-240 °F | 135 °F (medium) | 3-4 hours |
| Jerky | 140 °F | N/A | 3-4 hours |
- For rare take 10°F away from the internal temperature.
- For well-done add 10°F to the internal temperature.
- You can take your steaks to around ¾ done in the smoker then transfer to the grill to finish them with a hot sear. We recommend infrared grills as the best way to sear your steaks.
Pork Smoking Times and Temps
| Cut of Meat | Smoker Temp | Internal Temp | Smoking Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pork Butt | 225 °F | 190 °F | 12-14 hours |
| Baby Back Ribs | 225-240 °F | 180 °F | 5 hours |
| Spare Ribs | 225-240 °F | 180 °F | 6 hours |
| Loin | 225-240 °F | 145 °F | 3-5 hours |
| Tenderloin | 225-240 °F | 145 °F | 2 hours |
| Ham (with bone) | 225-240 °F | 160 °F | 1.5 hours/lb |
| Belly Bacon | Less than 100°F | 140 °F | 6 hours |
| Sausage | 225-240 °F | 165 °F | 1-2 hours |
| Whole Hog | 225-240 °F | 205 °F | 16-20 hours |
- Check out our guide of how to smoke a pork butt.
Poultry Smoking Times and Temps
| Cut of Meat | Smoker Temp | Internal Temp | Smoking Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whole Chicken | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 2-3 hours |
| Chicken Legs | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 1-2 hours |
| Chicken Thighs | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 1-2 hours |
| Chicken Wings | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 1-2 hours |
| Chicken Quarters | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 1-2 hours |
| Chicken Breast | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 1-2 hours |
| Whole Turkey | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 4-5 hours |
| Turkey Breast | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 3-4 hours |
| Turkey Legs | 275-300 °F | 175 - 180 °F | 3-4 hours |
| Turkey Wings | 275-300 °F | 170 °F | 2-3 hours |
| Quail or Pheasant | 225 °F | 165 °F | 1 hour |
| Cornish Game Hens | 240 °F | 165 °F | 2-3 hours |
| Whole Duck | 225 °F | 170 °F | 3-4 hours |
| Whole Goose | 225 °F | 170 °F | 30 mins/lb |
- Did you know it’s also possible to fry a turkey? Check out our review of the best turkey fryers.
Lamb Smoking Times and Temps
| Cut of Meat | Smoker Temp | Internal Temp | Smoking Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lamb Shank | 225-250 °F | 160 °F | 4-5 hours |
| Lamb Leg | 225-250 °F | 160 °F | 4-8 hours |
| Lamb Rack | 220-250 °F | 140 °F | 1-2 hours |
| Lamb Shoulder | 225-250 °F | 160 °F | 5-6 hours |
Venison Smoking Times and Temps
| Cut of Meat | Smoker Temp | Internal Temp | Smoking Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Venison Roast | 200-225 °F | 160 °F | 1.5 hours/lbs |
| Venison Tenderloin | 225-250 °F | 160 °F | 1.5 hours/lbs |
| Venison Steak | 225-275 °F | 140 °F (medium) | 30-60 mins |
- Like with beef, take away 10°F for rare and add 10°F for well-done.
Seafood Smoking Times and Temps
| Type of Seafood | Smoker Temp | Internal Temp | Smoking Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whole Salmon | 200-225 °F | 145-150 °F | When it starts to flake |
| Salmon Filet | 220 °F | 145 °F | 1 hour |
| Whole Trout | 225 °F | 150 °F | 1 hour |
| Tilapia Filet | 220 °F | 145 °F | 1 hour |
| Lobster Tails | 225 °F | 140 °F | 45 mins |
| Crab | 225 °F | 140 °F | 45 mins |
| Oysters | 225 °F | N/A | 30-45 mins |
| Scallops | 225 °F | 145 °F | 1 hour |
| Shrimp | 225 °F | N/A | 20-30 mins |
- Salmon is generally better under cooked than over cooked.
- Do not overcook scallops.
- Shrimp will be bright pink when ready.
- Oysters are recommended to be removed from the shell when being smoked. They are ready when the edges begin to curl.
Vegetables Smoking Times and Temps
| Vegetable | Smoker Temp | Internal Temp | Smoking Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Corn on the Cob | 225 °F | N/A | 1.5-2 hours |
| Whole Potato | 225 °F | N/A | 2-2.5 hours |
| Whole Sweet Potato | 225 °F | N/A | 2-2.5 hours |
| Tomatoes | 225-240 °F | N/A | 1 hour |
For a beginner smoker temperature charts can be a brilliant guide to help you get quick and easy time and temp readings. Just remember these are all approximations of typical low and slow smokes. It’s possible to use higher temperatures and smoke for shorter times and you’ll still get great results but they’ll differ from the low and slow times and temperatures we’ve provided.
There are also other factors that can affect the smoking times. These include:
- Ambient temperature.
- Weather conditions.
- Size of the cut of meat – a larger than average thickness will need more time.
- Whether the meat has a bone it in or not. If the bone is still in the meat, it will have to be smoked for longer.
As long as you keep to the recommended internal temperature of the meat then a lot of these factors shouldn’t be a problem. When you start to gain more and more experience then you’ll be able to find the best time and temperatures depending on the exact cut of meat you are smoking.
How to Measure Meat Temperature
To get an accurate reading of the internal temperature of your meat, it’s very important to use a high quality and accurate digital meat thermometer. Ideally use a dual probe smoking thermometer to give you accurate readings of the internet temperature and the temperature of the smoker for the most accuracy. There are thermometers out there that are able to notify you in several ways when your food has reached the optimal temperature. We’d definitely recommend reading our guide to the best digital meat thermometers to give you a good understanding of what they can do and what you can get for your money.
If you’re not ready to invest in a dedicated smoker thermometer then there are alternatives. An instant read thermometer such as the Kizen Digital Thermometer or the more expensive (but very good) Thermapen are a great choice. These will give you the temperature of your meat in a few seconds and are generally very convenient.
These are also very good for more delicate pieces of meat, such as fish. Leaving in a probe from a smoker thermometer simply won’t work if you’re cooking a piece of salmon. Instant read thermometers generally have a thinner probe and are only in the meat for seconds so they will likely not affect it at all. We’d recommend picking up an instant read thermometer for all cooking, not just smoking.
How do you use the thermometer?
A very important part of being able to read accurate temperatures is the placement of the thermometer probe. If you’re using a dual probe set up and have a probe on the outside of the meat then we recommend keeping it around 2” away from the surface of the meat and about 1” above the grate. You can change this around slightly to see what works best for you but you’ll see some surprisingly drastic changes in temperatures with very little movement of the probe.
When it comes to measuring the temperature of the insides of a piece of meat then it’s important to take the reading in several places. Always read the lowest temperature and try to go past the center with the probe. Insert and remove the probe nice and slowly and keep an eye on the readings.
How to control the Smoker Temperature
Keeping a nice constant temperature inside your smoker is vital to be able to get your food up to the correct internal temperatures. If you’re using a pellet smoker, an electric smoker or even a gas smoker then they are fairly easy to maintain very even temperatures. A lot of the time you’ll have to simply set a time and temp and leave it as these smokers are capable of doing a lot of the work automatically.
If you’re using a charcoal or wood smoker then it’s still simple to maintain constant temperatures, but you might have to put in a bit more work.
Just remember:
- Use a chimney starter or an electric starter to get the fire going.
- Use the vents on your specific smoker to allow the recommended amount of air inside.
- If you’re using a water pan make sure it’s filled to the recommended level. A water pan will help deflect heat to allow you to maintain low and slow temperatures.
- Allow the smoker to stabilize before adding any meat. The best way to do this is to simply leave it after the fire has started for around 20 minutes.
- Make very small adjustments to the vents if the temperature isn’t optimal. Remember that it is easier to heat up your smoker than it is to cool it down, so try not to let it get too hot.
If you want it even easier than that, then think about investing in an automatic temperature controller. We’ve had a look at the best automatic temperature controllers for charcoal smokers which we recommend reading if you’re thinking about buying one.
We hope you’ve found this information useful it getting you smoking. Remember that these charts are just a guide and with a bit more practice and experience you might not need to use it.
Thanks to Alison Mickelson on flickr for the featured image.